Problem 4-60

Find the Thevenin equivalent.

NOTE: Blue items were added to solve the problem and are not part of the original diagram.


I will use mesh analysis to find voc.

Express dependent source parameters in terms of mesh currents.

ib = i2

v2 = 40 K i3

Express current sources in terms of mesh currents.

Independent source:

i1 = 540 mA (Equation 1)

Dependent source:

i3 = - 40 ib

i3 = - 40 i2 (Equation 2)

Now, erasing the current sources leaves only one mesh (2) around which to write KVL.

980 i2 + 5 X 10-5 v2 + 100 (i2 - i1) = 0

980 i2 + 5 X 10-5 (40 K i3) + 100 (i2 - 540 mA) = 0

1080 i2 + 2 i3 = 54 mA (Equation 2)

Solving Equations 2 and 3 yields

i2 = 54 mA

i3 = - 2.16 mA

Finally

voc =v2 = 40 K i3 = 40 K (- 2.16 mA) = - 86.4 V

so

vTh = - 86.4 V


Now, find isc.

We could do a full-blown mesh analysis as indicated by the mesh currents in the circuit below, but a little bit of reflection will lead to a quicker solution.

(If you are uncomfortable with the short-cuts at this point, don't worry - you can always fall back on the algorithmic techniques: Nodal Analysis and Mesh Analysis.)


The quicker method:

First, note that the 40 KW resistor is shorted out, thus there is no current through it nor voltage across it (thus v2 = 0).
We can thus remove the 40 KW resistor from the circuit without altering the function.
(Another way of seeing this is that we effectively have 40 KW in parallel with a wire (0 W). This gives an equivalent resistance of 0 W, thus we can replace the 40 KW and the wire with just a wire.)

Since v2 = 0, the dependent voltage source has a value of zero also. We can thus replace the dependent voltage source with a wire without affecting the circuit.

Making the modifications to the circuit yields

We can easily get ib using current division:

ib = 540 m (100 / 1080) = 50 mA

Next,

isc = - 40 ib = - 40 (50 m) = - 2 mA

Finally we can calculate RTh

RTh = voc / isc = - 86.4 / -2 m = 43.2 KW

so the Thevenin equivalent circuit is:


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